The Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Indonesia held an online International Conference and Call for Papers with the theme: International Conference & Call for Papers Mutual Legal Assistance and Asset Recovery: A Comparative Study in The Legal System of Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, And Hungary, Wednesday (02 /06/2021). In this event, there are 2 (two) sessions: the first session is a presentation session by participants who have submitted papers and the second session is the International Conference.

The first session started at 09.00 WIB and was opened by Master of Ceremony Rahadian Diffaul Barraq Suwartono, S.H., after that the Master of Ceremony allowed Cristopher Micheal Jason, JD as moderator to lead the paper presentation session by participants who had submitted papers. 4 presenters will present their papers, the four participants are from several universities in Indonesia. First, Dodik Setiawan Nur Heryanto, S.H., M.H., LL.M., Ph.D. from the Universitas Islam Indonesia with the paper title “Establishing Intensive Diplomatic Channels to Recover Stolen in Indonesian Public Assets Stored Overseas”. Second, Nella Sumika Putri & Budi Arta Admaja from Padjadjaran University with the paper title “Optimizing Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters in the Return of Assets Resulting from Proceeds of Crime: Lessons Learned from Indonesia”. Third, Rayhan Zidane comes from the Universitas Islam Indonesia with a paper entitled “Arbitration”. And Fourth is Dr. Joyce Soraya S.H., M.Hum from PGRI University Kanjuruhan Malang with the paper title “Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA) and Asset Recovery in Criminal Law Perspective”.

After the 4 presenters finished presenting their papers followed by a question and answer session, the participants welcomed the material presented by the 4 presenters, it could be seen from the many questions asked by the participants who attended the event. In the first session, 195 participants were consisting of students, academics, and practitioners from several countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Timor Leste, Myanmar, Hungary, and several other countries until the first session closed at 11.10 WIB.

The second session started at 13.00 WIB, this International Conference invited 2 Keynote Speakers and 6 Speakers, 2 Keynote Speakers, namely: first, Cahyo Rahadian Muzhar, S.H., LL.M. he is the Director-General, General Legal Administration of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia. Cahyo Rahadian in addition to delivering material on mutual legal assistance and asset recovery, also said that “we are struggling to overcome the covid-19 pandemic which is causing misery to the global economy, the Indonesian government is trying to get more than 50% of Indonesian people vaccinated by the end of July 2021, do not hesitate about the effectiveness of the vaccine and register for vaccination at the nearest state health facility”. And the second is Yusfidli Adhyaksana, who is the Legal Attache of the Indonesian Embassy in Singapore who provides material on Indonesia’s “Legal Framework on MLA Asset Recovery”.

This was followed by a material presentation by 6 (six) speakers led by moderator Dr. Sri Wartini, S.H., M. Hum., Ph.D. namely: First, Prof. Dr. Sepriani, S.H., M. Hum. A Professor of International Law at the Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia delivered a material entitled “MLA and Assets Recovery from the International Law Perspective: Best Practice & Challenge in Indonesia”. Second, Hanafi Amrani, S.H., M.H., LL.M., Ph.D. Senior Lecturer of Criminal Law Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia who delivered material entitled “Asset Recovery and Mutual Legal Assistance in the Perspective of Criminal Law in Indonesia”. Third, Faizul Aswad bin Masri, LL.B. (Hons), MCL. Dan Puan Norinna Bahadun, LL.B. (Hons), LL.M. delivered material entitled “Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters and Recovery of Proceeds of Crime–A Malaysian Experience”, both were deputy public prosecutors, transnational crime units, attorney general’s members of Malaysia. Fourth, Su Wai Mon, LL.B. (Hons), MCL, Ph.D. A Law Lecturer at Dagon University, Yangon & Multimedia University, Malaysia delivered a material entitled “The Practice of Mutual Legal Assistance (MLA) IN Myanmar: A Brief Analysis”. Fifth, Dr. Csaba Gondola from the University of Debrecen, Hungary delivered a material entitled “Mutual Legal Assistance and Asset Recovery: A Comparative Study in The Legal System of Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, And Hungary”.

After all the Speakers finished delivering their material, the participants who attended the event welcomed the theme raised by the committee, it could be seen from the enthusiasm of the participants who wanted to ask questions to the speakers.

 The event was opened by the rector of the Universitas Islam Indonesia, Prof. Dr. Fathul Wahid, S.T. M.SC., Ph.D. In his opening remarks, Fathul Wahid said that “I as the rector of the Islamic University of Indonesia congratulated the Faculty of Law at the Islamic University of Indonesia for the implementation of this international conference”, at the end of his speech Fathul Wahid hoped that “from this event we could find a common thread that could be a stepping stone for progress. Together, these similarities can be used as a starting point for setting up a more standardized legal system, as we can refer to mutual legal assistance and asset recovery. Once again we thank all the speakers and all the participants”. He said.

Participants who attended the second session reached 476 participants consisting of students, academics and practitioners from several countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Timor Leste, Hungary and several other countries until the second session closed at 16.05 WIB. (Lubis/IP Students)

Author: M. Syafi’ie, S.H., M.H.

Lecturer in Faculty of Law,  Universitas Islam Indonesia, Departement of Constitutional Law

 

Warga perantauan mengalami keresahan saat ini. Waktu yang dhabiskan untuk bekerja dan berharap mudik saat liburan terhalang kebijakan pemerintah yang mengeluarkan Addendum Surat Edaran No.13 Tahun 2021 Tentang Peniadaan Mudik Hari Raya Idul Fitri Tahun 1442 Hijriah. Surat Edaran ini mengatur pengetatan persyaratan pelaku perjalanan dalam negeri selama H-14 peniadaan mudik (22 April – 5 Mei 2021) dan H+7 peniadaan mudik (18-24 Mei 2021), sedangkan peniadaan mudik akan berlangsung pada 6-17 Mei 2021.

Kebijakan pengetatan dan peniadaan mudik memunculkan kritik dari berbagai kalangan, utamanya dari para pekerja moda transportasi dan warga yang berharap mudik setelah sekian lama tidak balik kampung halaman. Salah satu pernyataan yang muncul, bukankah mudik adalah hak setiap warga yang keberadaannya dijamin hukum HAM? Sebagian akademisi menyebut larangan mudik adalah pelanggaran HAM, dan sebagian yang lain menyatakan tidak.

Secara hukum, mudik dapat dikatagorikan sebagai hak untuk bebas bergerak dan berpindah dalam satu wilayah negara. Pada Pasal 27 ayat (1) UU No. 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM dinyatakan bahwa setiap warga negara Indonesia berhak untuk secara bebas bergerak, berpindah, dan bertempat tinggal dalam dalam wilayah Republik Indonesia. Pada Pasal 12 ayat (1) Kovenan Internasional Hak Sipil dan Politik dinyatakan bahwa setiap orang yang secara sah berada dalam wilayah suatu Negara, berhak atas kebebasan bergerak  dan kebebasan untuk memilih tempat tinggalnya dalam wilayah tersebut.

Aturan di atas secara tidak langsung menyatakan bahwa mudik merupakan hak yang djamin oleh hukum yang levelnya Undang-Undang, dan kovenan sendiri levelnya adalah International Bill of Human Righ karena tingkat universalitas haknya yang sangat tinggi. Dalam General Comment terkait ketentuan ini dinyatakan bahwa kebebasan untuk bergerak merupakan kondisi yang tidak terlepaskan dari pengembangan pribadi seseorang. Kebebasan bergerak berhubungan dengan hak-hak yang lain.

Namun demikian, hak kebebasan bergerak dan berpindah tempat merupakan hak yang bisa dikurangi (derogable rights) dalam situasi darurat, dan bisa dibatasi (limitasi) di masa tenang dan damai. Dasar hukum pembatasan tercantum pada Pasal 29 DUHAM, Pasal 28J UUD 1945, Pasal 12 ayat (3) Kovenan Hak Sipil dan Politik, dan Pasal 70 UU No. 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM. Beberapa Pasal tersebut mengatur pembatasan hak dengan syarat-syarat yang sangat ketat.

Dalam intrumen hukum HAM, terdapat 3 (tiga) syarat yang harus dipastikan untuk legitimasi satu tindakan pembatasan yang dperbolehkan (permissible restriction). Ketiga syarat ini dikenal three part test (tiga uji elemen),  pertama, setiap pembatasan hak harus diatur oleh hukum (prescribed by law). Para ahli menyatakan bahwa hukum disini ialah undang-undang atau putusan pengadilan. Kedua, pembatasan dilakukan dengan alasan yang sah (legitimate aim), yaitu alasan ketertiban umum, kesehatan masyarakat, moral publik, keamanan nasional, keselamatan publik, hak kebebasan orang lain/reputasi orang lain. Ketiga, pembatasan dperlukan dalam masyarakat demokratis (necessary in a democratic society) dan dilakukan secara proporsional (proportionality).

Larangan mudik dengan demikian sebenarnya adalah pembatasan hak dan mengambil hak warga, tetapi dapat dibenarkan hukum dengan pertimbangan kesehatan masyarakat. Kritik fundamen Addendum Surat Edaran No. 13 Tahun 2021 lebih pada pembatasan hak mudik yang hanya diatur pada setingkat Surat Edaran, padahal hak yang dibatasi dijamin dalam Undang-Undang, dan pembatasan hak oleh hukum haruslah setingkat Undang-Undang dan atau putusan pengadilan.

Pembatasan hak mudik juga cenderung tidak proporsional karena tidak berimbang dan wajar, salah satu contoh yang kerap dikeluhkan warga ialah mengapa mudik dilarang, tetapi tempat wisata dan tempat-tempat perbelanjaan tetap dibolehkan untuk dikunjungi, padahal keduanya sama-sama akan membuka rantai penyebaran Covid-19. Oleh karena itu, sudah selayaknya pemerintah memperbaiki kebijakakan aturan larangan mudik ini serta mencari jalan keluar penanganan covid-19 yang lebih holistik dan proporsional.

This article have been publishe in Kedaulatan Rakyat Newspaper, 5 May 2021.

On April 30, 2021 the Students Association of International Law (SAIL) Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII) and the Juridical Council of International Program (JCI) held a joint sharing event in a blessed month, the event was held at the Bina Siwi Orphanage located at Jl. Pajangan-Bantul Jetis, Sendongsari, Pajangan Bantul District. The event took place quickly and adhered to health protocols, all participants wore masks and kept their distance, attended by 14 student representatives.

From the opening of the fundraiser on April 25, 2021, to April 30, 2021, funds amounting to Rp. 4,767,000.00. This fund is a donation from lecturers, alumni, students, parents of students, and the general public. The funds are used to buy 52 boxes of rice for breaking the fast, light snacks, 150 masks, and cash assistance of Rp. 3,601,000.00 to the Bina Siwi Orphanage.

The event was opened with remarks from the management of the Bina Siwi orphanage. According to the manager, there are 38 children ranging in age from 10 to 35 years who live at the Bina Siwi Orphanage. “All the children here are children with special needs, even though they have special needs, but they have works and talents as evidenced by them presenting one piece of music,” said Nurlela, manager of the Bina Siwi Orphanage.

At the handover ceremony, the Secretary of the FH UII International Program, who was also the Supervisor of the SAIL UKM, Dodik Setiawan Nur Heriyanto, SH. MH. LL.M., Ph.D. asked by the board of the Bina Siwi Orphanage to give greetings and motivation to the foster children. In his speech, Dodik Setiawan said that since childhood he also had special needs, that his left ear could not hear. But with the motivation from teachers and his parents, he was able to achieve achievements in Europe by getting the summa cum laude predicate in the doctoral program from the University of Debrecen, Hungary. Based on his inspiring story, he advised the foster children and students to continue their enthusiasm for learning even in the midst of a pandemic time.

President of SAIL, Arief Hasanul Husnan Nasution said that the handover ceremony of the funding to the Bina Siwi Orphanage was a collaboration activity between SAIL, JCI, and the International Program Undergraduate Study Program in Law, Faculty of Law UII. “From the deliberations and consensus of our friends, both from us at SAIL and friends from JCI,” said Arief. The Bina Siwi Orphanage was chosen as the place to distribute the donations for no reason. The Bina Siwi Orphanage is a place to study and live for orphans with disabilities and special needs. The Bina Siwi Orphanage was founded in 1989 and currently accommodates 38 children with disabilities and special needs. “Apart from that, we assume that the orphanage is less affordable, so it is a little seldom touched by assistance, given the distance that is quite far from the city of Jogja”, added Arief.

General Chief of JCI, Akhiruddin Syahputra Lubis, said that events like this should be a routine agenda as much as possible. “It must be maintained and sustainable, not just this year because the event provides lessons and lessons to students that there are still many of our brothers who are less fortunate than us students who have more opportunities”. Lubis also said that this event was an event to “cultivate a caring spirit and student social sensitivity”. According to him, not all students have a spirit of caring and social sensitivity, therefore they must frequently be nurtured with events like this, especially since this is the month of Ramadan as much as possible, we must share.

JCI and SAIL are committed make activity that bring benefit to society. “We would like to thank all of the donors, hopefully the good deeds given will be rewarded by Allah SWT, Allahumma Aamiin,” said Arief.

Bismillahirrahmaanirrahiim

The Head of the Faculty of Law, Islamic University of Indonesia, hereby announces the names of applicants for the information system manager of FH UII who have passed the practical test and are entitled to take part in the second stage of the test in the form of an interview which will be held on:

Day, Date : Wednesday, May 5, 2021

Time: 08.30 – 12.00 WIB

Place : VIP Room, Moh. Yamin Fak. Indonesian Islamic University Law Jl. Tamansiswa No. 158 Yogyakarta

The list of participants and the rules are attached to this announcement. The result of the decision cannot be contested. Thus, to be checked and be aware of the existence. Alhamdulillaahirabbil’alamiin

 

Yogyakarta, 29 April 2021 / 17 Ramadan 1442 H

Dean,

 

Dr. Abdul Jamil, S.H., M.H.

 

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Delivered to the Law Study Program Students of the Faculty of Law UII Undergraduate Program, the schedule for the Mid-Semester Examination (UTS) for the Academic Year 2020/2021 which will be held on April 22, 2021 until. May 4, 2021. Students are encouraged to prepare themselves as best they can and use UTS as a way for you to measure your ability to master science and knowledge.

Attached is a schedule that is shared via View Google Spreadsheet. Students should always look at this schedule because there are possible updates or schedule changes that may occur for some reason. In addition, for students whose key-in courses collide on the exam schedule, they are welcome to adjust, because from the beginning the Study Program has given directions and warnings regarding this matter.

Download the 2020/2021 Even Semester Midterm Exam answer sheet template [regular] [international] Students work on questions using Class Room media where the lecturer uploads questions. Therefore, students must pay attention as well as possible so as not to be mistaken in collecting assignments. IMPORTANT: The information “BOLEH” and “TIDAK BOLEH” take the exam listed on the Gateway, please ignore it because the information is applied during the Final Semester Examination (UAS).

Delivered to students of the Apprenticeship subject of the Law Study Program of the Undergraduate Program in the Even Semester of T.A. 2020/2021, there will be an Internship Participant Briefing event which will be held on:

Day/Date : Saturday, April 10, 2021

Time: 13.00 – 15.40 WIB

Media : Online (via Zoom)

The division of space (zoom link) and the schedule of debriefing are as follows:

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Contact Person/CP:

085875250408 (Apprenticeship Admin)

081225634133 (Admin of Faculty of Law UII Education and Training Center)

The UII Faculty of Law opens the opportunity for you to participate in the selection/recuitment within the UII Faculty of Law, with the following conditions and positions:

    • Website Management
    • Staff Learning Content
    • Staff Information Systems and Academic
    • Administration Staff Staff of General Administration System,

1 (one) person is required.

Upload application via this Google Form [ Upload Application ]

For further information, please contact: Mrs. Achyuniwati (081328780125)

Innalillahi wa inna Illaihi raji’un

Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia expressed its condolences for the passing of Dr. Artidjo Alkostar, S.H., LLM., Lecturer of Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia, Former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Republic of Indonesia, Member of Supervisory Board of Indonesian Anti-Corruption Commission (2019-2023).  Rest in Peace. May Allah give him the best place on Jannah.

 

As part of the commitment to its internationalization programs, the Faculty of Law of the Universitas Islam Indonesia departed two students to undertake a double degree program at the Department of Law, College of Creative Human Resources, Youngsan University, South Korea, on Tuesday (23 February 2021). The two students namely: Yuwan Zaghlul Ismail and Kurniawan Sutrisno Hadi. Both of them are students of the 2018 FH UII International Program. This discharge event was carried out in a blended manner, attended by leaders at the university and the Faculty of Law both offline and online.

According to Dodik Setiawan Nur Heriyanto, SH, MH, LLM., Ph.D., Secretary of the International Undergraduate Study Program in Law, Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Indonesia, in his report, the two students who participated in the double degree program in South Korea are distinguished students. Both are students of the 2018 FH UII International Program. Yuwan Zaghlul Ismail is a Mawapres finalist at the Special Region of Yogyakarta level (Provincial Level). He has been a speaker at a conference at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). In addition, Yuwan is one of the students who took part in the transfer credit program at IIUM in 2019. Meanwhile, Kurniawan Sutrisno Hadi, is the student with the highest GPA in 2019, with GPA of 3.99. He won awards in various moot court competitions on the national and international levels.

The two students will go to South Korea on February 25, 2021. They will study for two years at Youngsan University, South Korea, and will get dual degrees, namely a Sarjana Hukum (S.H.) from the Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia and a Bachelor of Law from Youngsan University, South Korea.

Considering Dodik Setiawan statement, during the Covid-19 pandemic situation, the Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia has been coordinated with Youngsan University. The two students have taken medical procedures for international flights, starting from taking the PCR test before departure, taking a series of medical tests carried out by hospitals recommended by the South Korean government to taking quarantine when they arrived in South Korea. In addition, the two students will also get the opportunity to vaccinate Covid-19 according to the schedule and provisions of the South Korean Government.

According to Dodik Setiawan, so far the Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia has also been very active in sending students to participate in credit transfer programs to several universities in the world, namely to IIUM, for six months (one semester) in 2019 and to Youngsan University, South Korea, during six months (one semester) in 2019.

Currently, the Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia has received a lot of international recognition. “Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia has also received certification from the ASEAN University Network-Quality Assurance (AUN-QA) institution at the ASEAN level through certification number AP387UIIFEB19, which is valid from March 14, 2019, to August 7, 2023. In 2021, Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia is also preparing to get accreditation from the Foundation for International Business Administration Accreditation (FIBAA) in Germany “, Dodik Setiawan explained. In addition, in 2022 a visitation by FIBAA is planned.

Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia’s students are very active and winning various competitions at the local, national, regional, and international levels. These various achievements also prove the progress of the Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia as the oldest national law faculty in Indonesia. After this, the Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia will also initiate various double degree program collaborations with universities in the world, namely Coventry University in England, Maastricht University in the Netherlands, and Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakif University in Turkey.

 

Author: M. Syafi’ie, S.H., M.H.

Lecturer in Faculty of Law,  Universitas Islam Indonesia, Departement of Constitutional Law

 

Penularan Covid-19 terus meningkat. Publik seperti dihadapkan pada ketidakpastian langkah-langkah pemenuhan hak atas kesehatan. Bahkan, pemerintah mulai meragukan kebijakannya sendiri. Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) yang menggantikan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) dinilai tidak efektif menghentikan laju penularan. Situasi ini bermakna bahwa penanganan Covid-19 di Indonesia sampai saat ini belum berhasil.

Sejauh ini, sudah banyak peraturan dan kebijakan terkait Covid-19, antara lain : Instruksi Presiden Nomor 4 Tahun 2020 tentang Refocussing kegiatan, realokasi anggaran serta pengadaan barang dan jasa dalam rangka percepatan penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019, Keputusan Presiden Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Penetapan Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat Covid-19, Keputusan Presiden Nomor 12 Tahun 2020 tentang penetapan bencana non alam penyebaran Corona Virus Disease 2019 sebagai Bencana Nasional, Peraturan Pemerintah No. 21 tahun 2020 tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar dalam rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease, Keputusan Presiden Nomor 7 Tahun 2020 tentang Gugus Tugas Pencepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019, Keputusan Presiden Nomor 9 Tahun 2020 tentang Perubahan Atas Keputusan Presiden Nomor 7 Tahun 2020 tentang Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019.

Selain itu, ada Undang-Undang No. 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Kekarantinaan Kesehatan dan Permenkes No. 9 tahun 2020 yang secara spesifik mengatur tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB), Keputusan Menteri kesehatan Nomor HK. 01.07/Menkes/382/2020 tentang Protokol Kesehatan yang diantaranya mengatur kebijakan tentang mencuci tangan, menjaga jarak dan memakai masker, dan yang terakhir Instruksi Menteri Dalam Negeri No. 01 Tahun 2021 tentang Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Untuk Pengendalian Penyebaran Corona Virus Desease 2019.

Melihat ketentuan di atas, sudah banyak peraturan dan kebijakan yang telah dibuat. Pertanyaannya, mengapa kasus Covid-19 di Indonesia terus meningkat? Pertanyaan ini bisa dijawab bahwa substansi dan struktur hukum tersebut belum berjalan efektif dan belum mampu menjadi sarana pengubah perilaku masyarakat.

Hukum Pengubah Perilaku  

Roscoe Pound, tokoh aliran hukum Sociological Jurisprudence mengatakan bahwa hukum semestinya dilihat sebagai suatu lembaga kemasyarakatan yang berfungsi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan-kebutuhan sosial. Hukum mesti dipahami sebagai suatu proses (law in action) yang hukum tersebut sama sekali berbeda dengan hukum yang tertulis (law in books). Peraturan dan kebijakan tentang Covid-19 semestinya dilihat dalam konteks ini, bahwa aturan tersebut bukanlah norma-norma tertulis saja, tetapi norma yang harus dihidupkan dan dilekatkan dengan lembaga kemasyarakatan.

Roscoe Pound mengatakan, hukum berkaitan dengan kepentingan-kepentingan dalam masyarakat. Kepentingan tersebut ada 3 (tiga), pertama, public interest yang meliputi kepentingan negara yang tugasnya memelihara hakekat negara dan menjaga kepentingan sosial. Kedua, kepentingan perorangan yang meliputi kepentingan pribadi dan kepentingan dalam rumah tangga. Ketiga, kepentingan sosial yang terkait dengan keamanan umum, moral umum, kemajuan sosial dan kehidupan individu.

Kepentingan penanganan Covid-19 merujuk pemikiran Pound sudah sangat memenuhi dalam dimensi kepentingan pribadi, sosial dan negara. Persoalannya terletak bagaimana peraturan yang ada dapat menggerakkan lembaga pemasyarakatan untuk mendorong tujuan-tujuan sosial dan perorangan di bidang kesehatan. Jika konsep ini dilakukan, peraturan dan kebijakan Covid-19 tentu akan menjadi alat rekayasa masyarakat (law as a tool of social engineering)

Persoalannya, perilaku masyarakat saat ini tidak banyak berubah untuk mentaati protokol kesehatan. Penggunaan masker, menjaga jarak, dan aktifitas cuci tangan tidak ditaati. Kegiatan bergerombol dan mobilitas masyarakat masih sangat tinggi. Situasi ini bermakna bahwa aturan dan kebijakan belum berjalan dengan semestinya. Aparat yang memiliki kewenangan penanganan Covid-19 belum mampu membangun kesadaran yang utuh akan makna penting protokol kesehatan.

Soerjono Soekanto berpendapat, apabila hukum tidak berjalan dengan semesetinya maka harus dicek faktor-faktor yang menjadi penghambatnya, biasanya antara lain terjadi karena faktor pembentuk hukum, penegak hukum, para pencari keadilan, maupun golongan-golongan lain dalam masyarakat. Faktor penghambat harus diidentifikasi.

Salah satu yang biasa jadi faktor penghambat menurut Soerjono Soekanto ialah komunikasi hukum. Hukum yang diharapkan dapat mempengaruhi perubahan perilaku masyarakat harus disebarkan seluas mungkin sehingga melembaga dalam masyarakat. Komunikasi hukum harus dapat dilakukan secara formal dan informal. Cara ini merupakan bagian yang dinamakan difusi, yaitu penyebaran unsur-unsur kebudayaan tertentu di dalam kehidupan masyarakat.

Pada pokoknya ketaatan hukum sangat dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor, pertama, tujuan hukum harus identik dengan tujuan/aspirasi anggota-anggota masyarakat. Makna lainnya, taatnya masyarakat pada hukum karena terdapatnya perasaan keadilan dan kebenaran dalam hukum. Kedua, adanya kekuasaan yang imperatif melekat pada hukum dengan sanksi apabila ada orang yang melanggarnya.

Berangkat dari pemikiran di atas, terbayang dalam pikiran kita bahwa ada banyak faktor hukum dan dimensi sosial politik yang mempengaruhi lemahnya ketaatan hukum masyarakat dalam mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Sebagian besar masyarakat masih belum menangkap kebenaran protokol kesehatan sebagai sesuatu yang penting, dan pada sisi yang lain penegakan hukum masih sangat lemah.

Tentu masih banyak faktor lain yang bisa diidentifikasi dan ditemukan akar masalahnya. Mengubah perilaku masyarakat tidak mudah, apalagi didalamnya ada dimensi sosial keagamaan. Butuh multi pendekatan untuk menciptakan kesadaran akan makna penting mentaati kebijakan protokol kesehatan. Kegagalan penanganan Covid-19 saat ini lebih pada konteks ini : tidak fokus pada pokok masalah, sentralistik, bahasa kebijakan yang tidak membumi, dan kebijakan yang selalu berubah-ubah sehingga cenderung membingungkan masyarakat bahkan pemerintah sendiri.

This arcticle have been published in  Sindo Newspaper, 10 February 2021.