Tag Archive for: Fakultas Hukum UII Yogyakarta

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Loss of Guarantee The Protection of Traditional Culture

Once again, the Indonesian society are faced with a commotion about the claims of traditional culture by the Malaysian society. In this cases that have arisen are related to Tarian Tor-Tor dan Gondang Sambilan (Sembilan Gendang) originating from the Mandailing society of North Sumatra. The interesting thing about this incident is that many parties feel “angry” on what has been done by the Malaysia. From the ordinary people to politicians. Because of this commotion, one question has really raised a question, is there a commitment by the State to guarantee the protection of traditional culture?

 

Constitutional Guarantee in Protecting Traditional Culture

According to the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution, it is clear that one of the objectives of the establishment of the State of Indonesia is within the framework of protecting the entire Indonesian nation and all of its bloodshed. It means that the State is obliged to be able to provide protection for both human and non-human resources. In the context of non-human resources, the State should be able to protect both natural and non-natural resources, there are no exception in terms of protecting traditional culture.

In accordance with this issue, based on the constitution bodies there are several provisions that provide direction as well as firm guarantees for the protection of traditional culture. The basic of constitutional in the context of protecting traditional culture is stated in Article 18B paragraph (2) of the second amendment to the 1945 Constitution which stated that “The state recognizes and respects customary law community units and their traditional rights as long as they are still alive and in accordance with community development and the principle of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia as regulated in the Law.” and Article 28I paragraph (3) of the second amendment to the 1945 Constitution which reads as follows: Cultural identity and rights of traditional communities are respected in line with the development of times and civilizations”. In addition to the above provisions, Article 32 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) of the fourth amendment to the 1945 Constitution provide a basis for further strengthening the direction and guarantees of the constitution on the importance of protecting traditional culture in Indonesia.

 

 

Loss of Traditional Cultural Protection Guarantee

Based on the currently issue which is developing regarding Malaysia’s efforts with the recording of Tarian Tor-Tor dan Gondang Sambilan (Sembilan Gendang) as cultural heritage, which is really concerning. This concern arises because this case is not the first case but has become a case for the umpteenth time related to traditional culture. The question is, in this context can the State be considered to have lost its commitment to guarantee the protection of traditional culture?

Talking about the state’s commitment to guarantee the protection of traditional culture, it is actually not enough to just express it in the form of normative formulations in the constitution, but there are no more tangible actions. In reality, the State has lost its commitment to guarantee the protection of traditional culture. There are two parameters that the commitment of the State has actually been lost in providing guarantees for the protection of traditional culture. The two parameters are;

First, in the context of case resolution, it appears that the State is unable to complete the settlement of cases of claims of traditional culture by foreign parties completely and clearly. From the Batik case to Tarian Tor-Tor, the state can only remain silent without a clear attitude to resolve the case. Even if there is a response, this does not solve the case completely. Recognition by UNESCO of several traditional cultures has not resolved the problem of protecting traditional cultures, as evidenced by the case for other types of traditional cultures. On the other hand, efforts to encourage all traditional cultures to be recognized by UNESCO may not necessarily be carried out due to strict requirements and may be inefficient.

 Second, in the context of developing a legal system, the State is unable to develop legislation that leads to the development of a traditional cultural protection system. In fact, if you look at the provisions of Article 18B paragraph (2) of the Second Amendment to the 1945 Constitution, the constitution explicitly requires that in the framework of respecting traditional rights which also includes the protection of traditional culture, a statutory provision should be made that can optimize the intent of Article 18B paragraph (2). the 18B. In fact, until now the expected legislation has not appeared. In the past, the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights had indeed drafted a Bill on the Protection and Utilization of Traditional Culture, but the bill itself so far has not shown a clear end to its origins. Therefore, this can be interpreted that it is true that the State has lost its commitment to guarantee the protection of traditional culture.

Wallahu’alam bis Shawab.

Prof. Dr. Budi Agus Riswandi, S.H., M.Hum.

                                                Director of Intellectual Property Rights Center

Faculty of Law UII Yogyakarta

 

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COLLECTIVE MOVEMENT OF IPR AWARENESS

On Friday, April 26 2013, the international community celeberate the 13th intellectual property rights day. In this context, this warning is often used as a momentum by the international community and countries in the world to further strengthen the importance of IPR in encouraging the progress of human civilization. Currently, the theme carried by WIPO in commemoration of the 13th World Intellectual Property Rights Day is “Innovation for the Next Generation”, while the theme raised by the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights is “Continuous Innovation for National Glory”.

For the Indonesia, IPR should become a collective awareness in order to improve the welfare of the people. To achieve this, the IPR movement really must be able to involve all components of the nation’s children. The IPR movement should not only be partial, sporadic, and carried out by a handful of groups without a clear direction, but should be a comprehensive, systemic movement, and involve the widest participation of the community by focusing on a goal,which is building Indonesian society welfare through IPR.

Notes on Awareness of IPR

The Indonesian nation has always been perceived as a society that has not optimally possessed IPR awareness. This perception is actually more due to several reasons. There are at least two reasons that strengthen this, consist of; First, there are still rampant IPR violations committed by the Indonesian society. For example, in the case of music and song violations, according to Member of the Board of Management of the Indonesian Recording Industry Association, Jusak Irwan Sutiono, there are illegal sales of Indonesian song downloads amounting to more than 6 million songs. For example, 1 song costs Rp. 3,000, so the potential loss for Indonesia aka the music industry per day is Rp. 18 billion/day.; Second, the low number of IPR applications submitted by the Indonesian people, especially in terms of filing patent applications. According to data from the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights, overseas PCT patents amounted to 4839, Domestic PCT patents amounted to 8 in 2011.

In other side of the perception that the awareness of IPR in Indonesia is not optimal, this is also inseparable from the weakness of the IPR management system both at the center and in the regions. Indications of the weakness of the IPR management system can be seen when IPR is currently considered a matter for the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia if it is in the Central Government, while IPR becomes a matter for the Department of Industry and Trade if it is in the Regional Government.

In conclusion, it is possible that the issue of IPR awareness in Indonesia is actually a serious matter. It happened because of the low understanding of IPR of the Indonesian society, is not only experienced by people who incidentally are IPR actors, such as creators, designers, inventors and so on, but also experienced by government officials both at the Central and Regional levels, which incidentally is the government apparatus. It is hoped that it can build awareness of IPR in the Indonesian people even better.

Collective Movement of IPR Awareness

Based on the reality of IPR awareness among Indonesian society, it is clear that the Indonesian society in terms of building IPR awareness are still being carried out partially, sporadically, not focused and the parties involved are still very few. Partial nature of IPR awareness. As a result, the IPR conscious movement has only become a routine and only belongs to a handful of certain community groups. In addition, the development of the IPR system both at the center and in the regions is developing slowly and tends not to be responsive to the needs of the community itself.

Realizing this issue, the momentum of the 13th World Intellectual Property Rights Day on 26 April 2013 should be used by the Indonesian society as a starting point for moving awareness of collective intellectual property rights. By building a collective IPR conscious movement, of course, IPR that has been developed and implemented in Indonesia can ultimately have an impact on efforts to realize the welfare of the Indonesian people themselves. This, of course, is also in line with the purpose of IPR as stated in Article 7 of the TRIPS Agreement that IPR is basically developed and applied to improve the welfare of the community.

Wallahu’alam bis Shawab.

Prof. Dr. Budi Agus Riswandi, S.H., M.Hum.

                                                Director of Intellectual Property Rights Center

Faculty of Law UII Yogyakarta

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THE GRADE OF PRODUCT COMPETITIVENESS THROUGH THE GEOGRAPHIC INDICATION

Do you still remember the case of the Sulotco Kalosi Toraja Coffee Brand with a picture of a Toraja house registered and owned by IFES Inc. Corporation California with Registration Number 74547000. This is very extraordinary learning. One of them, it turns out that many foreign parties are currently increasing the competitiveness of their products through mentoring on behalf of the typical and quality products of the Indonesian nation. From this case, it is very important that the names of these distinctive and quality products can be protected through the Geographical Indication (GI) system in order to increase product competitiveness.

Geographical Indications: Regional Marks for /Special Products

Perhaps all this time we have known that in Indonesia there are several products that have uniqueness and quality and this is at the same time a superior product. Some of these products such as Salak Pondoh Sleman, Kopi Kitamani Bali, Lada Putih Muntok, Tembakau Mole Sumedang and many others. These products are basically products that have the potential to be registered with their GI.

GI is a sign that is used for goods that have a certain geographical origin and also have the quality or reputation caused by the place of origin. In general, GI consists of the name of the place of origin of the goods. The purpose of GI registration is so that the product can be legally protected. Protection against GI is collective, which is protection given to a product produced by a product produced by a certain area (Sugiono Moeljopawiro and Surip Mawardi, 2010).

GI was appeared and born in several centuries ago at Europe. GI itself includes the name of the place of origin of the goods. GI is a sign used on goods that have a specific regional origin and have the quality and reputation caused by the place of origin (Dora de Teresa, 2003). In the world, there are many products with quality and reputation due to the demand for GI. It is like; champagne wine (France), Parmigiano cheese (Italy), brandy pisco (Peru)—these products have been registered as GI in Indonesia (Riyaldi, 2012).

In the manner of paying attention to the definition of GI, it is clear that GI is a sign used for products that have distinctive and quality, where the sign refers to the regional name of the product.

Implications of GI Certification on Product Competitiveness Improvement

GI was appeared in the World Trade Organization (WTO) as part of the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs), particularly in Article 22 paragraph (1) of the TRIPs Agreement. GI is usually used to mark products that have specificity and quality caused by geographical factors, both natural and/or human factors. To obtain the GI it must be register.

GI registration itself is a legal mechanism that is carried out by means of labeling products to the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights where to obtain the label there must be a product standard both in terms of institutional and governance as well as the quality and characteristics of the product as outlined in the GI registration. requirements book. The requirements book is a requirement for GI registration, which has a function if the GI label for a typical product is approved by the Director General of Intellectual Property Rights, then the typical product must be produced by the product community by referring to the requirements book.

In the manner of taking into the things above, GI basically can be equated with efforts to standardize the typical products of a region. This understanding can be known because to obtain the certificate of GI, a typical product community must first have product quality standards that can explain the uniqueness of the product.

Furthermore, by registering GI for distinctive and quality products, the following benefits will be obtained: First, on a macro basis it is hoped that it will improve the welfare of the community of distinctive and quality products and other communities around the community of typical and quality products; Second, legally the unique and quality products that exist in each region can be protected in legally; and Third, in terms of quality and grade, the competitiveness of distinctive and high-quality products in their respective regions will be able to be further improved.

Wallahu’ala’bis shawab

 

Prof. Dr. Budi Agus Riswandi, S.H., M.Hum.

                                                Director of Intellectual Property Rights Center

Faculty of Law UII Yogyakarta

and Chairman of the Association of Indonesian Intellectual Property Center (ASKII)

 

 

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Anti Plagiarism Social Movement

The news about the widespread practice of plagiarism of scientific work in universities with a quantity up to 100 lecturers with the purpose to carry out promotions from the lector, head lector to professor level is something that is both concerning and heart breaking in the context of the future of higher education in Indonesia. However a university which incidentally is an institution that prints the nation’s next generation and is expected to produce true intellectuals both in terms of knowledge and integrity that has been tainted by acts of plagiarism committed by lecturers as educators in universities.

Therefore, it is common when there is an act of plagiarism in such a way, it should begin to reflect on how this nation responds to the rampant acts of plagiarism.

Plagiarism and Dishonesty

Plagiarism is a term that is very well known among scientists and intellectuals. The term plagiarism actually refers to an act in the context of making scientific work that does not pay attention to the rules and ethics of writing scientific papers. For example, citing people’s opinions without mentioning the source. Meanwhile, people who commit acts of plagiarism are often called plagiarists.

There is a relationship between plagiarism and the morality of this nation. The practice of plagiarism among scientists and intellectuals is basically an act that is considered unethical/immoral. The concrete form of this immoral act is represented in terms of the dishonesty of scientists or intellectuals for the knowledge they develop.

If we pay attention to the form of dishonesty, it is a moral basis that is now very rare to find in Indonesia. It seems that in this country it is very difficult to find honest people than to find smart people. Therefore, it becomes a serious problem when this act of plagiarism continues to escalate in Indonesia. However, it becomes serious problem because it is believed that the widespread dishonesty of educators/lecturers in making scientific works will have a further impact on other dishonesty in the development of education in Indonesia. As a result, it is not surprising that the quality of the integrity of education is currently very low.

So, it is not surprising that in the practice of everyday life, almost most of the Indonesian people, along with the administration of the government, live their lives full of pretense if it is not said that they live with full of dishonesty. The closest example today, can be seen in the case of the arrest of the chairman of the Constitutional Court, where he was a doctor who was later caught red-handed by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK). In fact, previously he seemed fierce with the symptoms of corruption in Indonesia. This is a fact that we cannot ignore.

Anti Plagiarism Social Movement

Seeing the implications of plagiarism for the future of this very dangerous nation, the government and other related institutions, such as educational institutions should seriously take strategic steps to eliminate the act of plagiarism itself. At least the act of plagiarism can be suppressed in such a way.

One thing that needs to be done in this context is to make the anti-plagiarism movement as social movement. The anti-plagiarism social movement is an extension of the legal movement and is the embodiment of strategic steps in suppressing plagiarism itself. The intended social movement is to invite all components of this nation to agree to say no to all forms of plagiarism.

It is expected that with this kind of social movement, social sanctions will be able to intensify legal sanctions. However, these two sanctions can be used as effective means going forward to preventing plagiarism which has become the source of this nation’s moral depravity. In addition, with the existence of these two kinds of sanctions, it is expected that Indonesia can truly realize the commitment of the founding fathers of this nation, specifically the intellectual life of the nation and the welfare of the Indonesian people.

Prof. Dr. Budi Agus Riswandi, S.H., M.Hum.

                                              Director of Intellectual Property Rights Center

Faculty of Law UII Yogyakarta

 

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Geographical Indication Certification (Beras Mentik Wangi Susu Sawangan)

(Yogyakarta) Geographical Indications as one of the intellectual property rights regimes have the potential to advance the society economy in certain areas. Magelang Regency has produced one Geographical Indication product, namely Beras Mentik Wangi Susu Sawangan. This rice is produced in Sawangan, Magelang Regency, Central Java.

Geographical Indication Area of Beras Mentik Wangi Susu Sawangan

The application for registration of Geographical Indications was made by the Society for the Protection of Geographical Indications of Beras Mentik Wangi Susu Sawangan (MPIGBMWSS) and a management structure has been formed, which consists of members of the rice farmers of Mentik Wangi Sawangan. Application for registration of Geographical Indications which is currently in the certification process at the Directorate General of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights.

Geographical Indication Logo of Beras Mentik Wangi Susu Sawangan

The Geographical Indication Registration is accompanied directly by the Center for Intellectual Property Rights, Law, Technology and Business (PHKIHTB) Faculty of Law UII. Director of PHKIHTB Dr.Budi Agus Riswandi, SH., M.Hum as an IPR consultant directly oversees and assists the process of completing both substantive and administrative requirements. Starting from determining the name of the Geographical Indication used, Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), and all the completeness of the requirements book.

The use of the name Beras Mentik Wangi Susu Sawangan is actually the name of the national superior variety, namely Beras Mentik Wangi Susu. However, because there are indeed characteristics that come from natural also human factors and the rice is produced in Sawangan, then name that was taken and agreed upon was Beras Mentik Wangi Susu Sawangan. (Putri Yan Dwi Akasih)

 

 

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No Work, No Pay

Author: Ayunita Nur Rohanawati, S.H., M.H.
Lecture in Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Departement of Public Administration Law

PANDEMI yang tak kunjung usai memberikan dampak luar biasa bagi pekerja di Indonesia. Berbagai permasalahan muncul di masing-masing perusahaan tempat pekerja bekerja. Seperti penjatuhan PHK saat pekerja menjadi penyintas Covid-19, tidak dibayarkan upah saat mengalami serangan Covid-19, pemaksaan melakukan pekerjaan saat terjangkit Covid-19 hingga menyebabkan besarnya penularan di lingkungan kerja.

Bahkan tak terpenuhinya hak jaminan sosial bagi pekerja serta hak memperoleh keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja yang layak menyesuaikan kondisi pandemi yang terjadi saat ini. Ketika pekerja menjadi penyintas Covid-19 adalah suatu hak bagi pekerja tersebut untuk beristirahat dan menjadi kewajiban untuk melakukan isolasi guna mencegah penularan virus ini. Perlu diingat bahwasanya yang sedang dihadapi dunia bukan sekadar penyakit biasa, melainkan wabah. Wabah yang mudah menular dari satu orang ke orang yang lain. Sehingga perlu penyikapan khusus terkait dengan kondisi yang saat ini terjadi.

Hukum Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia mengenal sebuah asas no work, no pay yang bermakna jika pekerja tidak bekerja, maka tidak akan mendapatkan upah. Hal ini juga sebagaimana yang termuat dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 36 Tahun 2021 tentang Pengupahan, pada Pasal 40 ayat (1). Pasal ini dimaksudkan untuk menumbuhkan rasa tanggung jawab pada pekerja atas amanah pekerjaan yang dimilikinya di tempat kerja.

Ketentuan tersebut harus dipahami lebih lanjut sebagaimana yang telah disebutkan dalam pasal-pasal lanjutan tentang adanya pengecualian kondisi terkait pemberlakuan no work, no pay ini. Pada Pasal 40 ayat (2) dan (3) PP No 36 Tahun 2021 disebutkan bahwasanya pengecualian atas no work, no pay tersebut salah satunya dalam kondisi pekerja berhalangan melaksanakan pekerjaan karena sakit sehingga menyebabkan pekerja tidak dapat melakukan pekerjaan. Pengecualian tersebut bermakna, pekerja tetap memperoleh haknya berupa upah walaupun tidak melaksanakan pekerjaan karena kondisi sakit. Sehingga tidak dibenarkan adanya pemberlakuan no work, no pay dalam suatu tempat kerja bagi para pekerja yang menjadi penyintas Covid-19.

Pada kasus-kasus yang terjadi di lapangan terkait kondisi pekerja yang dipaksa tetap bekerja walau sedang terpapar Covid-19 yang dianggap tidak bergejala berat tidak dapat dibenarkan. Karena hal ini sama dengan melenggangkan persebaran virus dan tentunya merugikan banyak pihak termasuk perusahaan itu sendiri.

Pemenuhan alat keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja yang sesuai dengan kondisi pandemi saat ini juga menjadi hal yang sangat penting. Keselamatan yang bermakna kondisi lingkungan kerja yang tidak membahayakan pekerja dalam masa pandemi Covid-19, misalnya dengan memastikan dan menjamin tempat kerja memiliki sirkulasi udara yang baik sehingga dapat meminimalisasi penyebaran virus. Kemudian kondisi keselamatan pekerja dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan di masa pandemi ini dengan menyediakan alatalat yang mencegah penularan virus. Seperti masker, disinfectan spray, handsanitizer, pemberian multivitamin, dan sebagainya.

Regulasi telah mengatur sedemikian rupa tentang pengecualian ketentuan no work, no pay. Hanya saja ketentuan ini belum menjadi sempurna karena tidak ada ancaman sanksi administratif maupun pidana manakala tidak dipatuhi. Hal ini bukan menjadi alasan untuk tidak menegakkan ketentuan. Karena pada UU Nomor 2 Tahun 2004 tentang Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial mengatur mengenai upaya hukum yang dapat ditempuh, manakala terjadi sengketa hubungan industrial. Juga diatur mengenai mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa terkait dengan sengketa hubungan industrial yang terjadi di Indonesia. Termasuk sengketa hubungan industrial yang terjadi saat pandemi ini.

This article have been published in Analisis KR, 29 July 2021.

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Relasi Perburuhan

Authir:  Ayunita Nur Rohanawati, S.H., M.H.
Lecturer in Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Departement of Public Administration Law

INDONESIA — juga sekitar 200 negara lain — menghadapi ancaman global pandemi corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Bukan hanya dampak kesehatan, namun seluruh sektor termasuk perburuhan di Indonesia, terkena dampak. Kebijakan work from home ( WFH) tentu berpengaruh terhadap kondisi jalannya suatu usaha yang juga berdampak pada situasi perburuhan di lapangan. Bahkan kebijakan dan imbauan pemerintah untuk WFH dan social distancing juga tidak serta merta dapat dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Pada jenis-jenis pekerjaan tertentu yang membutuhkan kontinuitas dalam proses produksinya.

Pandemi menyerang berbagai lini kehidupan. Di Indonesia, roda perekonomian semakin melambat, permintaan akan barang dan jasa di masyarakat tentu berkurang yang berimbas pada menurunnya faktor produksi. Permintaan yang menurun tentu mempengaruhi modal yang pasti angkanya mengalami penurunan secara signifikan. Tenaga kerja sebagai motor penggerak dalam proses produksi keberadaannya semakin lemah. Karena dampak dari pandemi bermuara pada ketidakmampuan pemberi kerja dalam membayar upah dalam kondisi pandemi.

Tanggal 17 Maret 2020 Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia mengeluarkan Surat Edaran Nomor M/3/HK.04/III/2020 tentang Perlindungan Pekerja/Buruh dan Kelangsungan Usaha dalam Rangka Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Covid-19. Pada intinya berisi pencegahan penyebaran dan penanganan Covid-19 di lingkungan kerja
serta pelindungan pengupahan bagi pekerja dalam kondisi pandemi. SE tersebut sejalan dengan Pasal 93 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan (UUK) tepatnya Pasal 93. Bahwasanya pengusaha tetap diberi kewajiban membayar upah dalam hal pekerja sakit sehingga tidak dapat melakukan pekerjaan.
Namun dalam situasi yang berkembang saat ini, terjadi peningkatan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) yang dilakukan secara sepihak oleh pengusaha karena ketidakmampuan membayar upah pekerja. Pekerja tidak dapat menuntut banyak karena situasi dan kondisi dalam ketidakjelasan kapan berakhir. Dampak dari PHK sepihak ini semakin meningkatkan jumlah pengangguran di Indonesia. Tak ghanya pada sektor formal, dampak pandemi ini sangat dirasakan pekerja informal yang notabene tidak memiliki hubungan dengan siapapun.

Tak kalah mirisnya kondisi pekerja informal yang semakin lesu dari hari ke hari sejak di berlakukannya WFH dan imbauan social distancing. Bagi pengemudi ojek, hanya satu dua orang atau bahkan sama sekali tidak ada penumpang. Bagi pemilik warung makan, hiruk-pikuk pembeli di warung makan sudah tidak ada lagi. Setiap harinya berusaha mengurangi porsi jualan yang berujung pada tutupnya warung makan, padahal di satu sisi uang kontrakan warung harus tetap dibayar. Penjual-penjual kecil yang menjajakan dagangannya di tempat wisata ternyata tidak ada lagi wisatawan yang menyambanginya. Sungguh pemandangan yang membuat trenyuh.

Relasi perburuhan Indonesia melibatkan pemerintah di dalamnya, terutama dalam kondisi pandemi seperti saat ini. Dalam Pembukaan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 disebutkan bahwasanya pemerintah memiliki kewajiban untuk melindungi segenap Bangsa Indonesia dan menjaminkan kesejahteraan bagi rakyat Indonesia. Sejauh mana peran pemerintah dalam relasi perburuhan dalam situasi seperti sekarang ini? Menjadi tanda tanya besar melihat kondisi perburuhan di lapangan yang semakin tak menentu.

Saat ini yang dibutuhkan para pekerja di Indonesia adalah jaminan kesejahteraan berupa terpenuhinya kebutuhan sehari-hari, obat-obatan serta kemudahan memperoleh fasilitas kesehatan. Pascapandemi ini berakhir diharapkan akan ada jaminan bagi pekerja untuk mempertahankan pekerjaan serta memperoleh pekerjaan (kembali) guna keberlangsungan hidup pekerja dan keluarganya. Suatu harapan besar masyarakat Indonesia khususnya pekerja di Indonesia tentang langkah tegas pemerintah dalam menghadapi permasalahan ini. Ada hak-hak pekerja yang perlu diperhatikan dan dilindungi pemerintah sebagai pemangku kewajiban perlindungan pekerja dalam relasi perburuhan di Indonesia.

This article have been published in Analisis KR, 4 April 2020.

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Semu, Perlindungan Perempuan Buruh

Author: Ayunita Nur Rohanawati, S.H., M.H.
Lecturer in Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Departement of Public Administration Law

AWAL 2020 mencuat kabar adanya mogok kerja yang dilakukan pekerja PT AFI, produsen es krim. Aksi dilakukan karena beberapa hal. Di antaranya tahun 2019 ada tingkat keguguran dan kematian bayi sebanyak kurang lebih 20 kasus. Mencuatnya kembali kasus terkait tidak terpenuhinya alat-alat keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di perusahaan. Serta terlalu ketatnya waktu kerja yang terbagi atas shift. Padahal, 2017 menjadi saksi bisu mogok kerja yang dilakukan perusahaan tersebut. Karena banyaknya jumlah pekerja yang mengalami kecelakaan kerja akibat tidak diberikannya alat-alat keselamatan kerja dalam bekerja.

Sebagaimana diatur Pasal 78 Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan atau yang lebih dikenal dengan UUK, buruh yang sedang hamil dilarang untuk dipekerjakan pada shift malam. Hal ini berkaitan dengan kondisi kesehatan. Sebab perempuan hamil membutuhkan perhatian yang lebih terkait dengan kondisi kesehatannya. Ini terkait ada janin yang sedang tumbuh di dalam rahimnya.

Regulasi Perburuhan

Wacana pemerintah untuk membuat regulasi dengan mekanisme omnibus law dengan salah satu RUU yang masuk adalah RUU Cipta Kerja, bertentangan dengan kondisi perburuhan Indonesia saat ini. Jika benar nantinya RUU Cipta Kerja ini disahkan, tak ada lagi tempat buruh menaikkan posisi tawarnya di depan pengusaha. Selain posisi pemerintah lemah pada regulasi ini, RUU Cipta Kerja menghapus sanksi pidana bagi pengusaha.

Jika pembiaran terhadap ketidakadilan ada di lapangan, apakah efektif sebuah regulasi disusun dengan posisi berat sebelah? Belum diberlakukan RUU tersebut, ternyata masih ada kondisi perburuhan yang masih jauh dari kata adil dan sejahtera. Bagaimana jika benar adanya RUU itu nantinya disahkan? Keseimbangan posisi antara buruh dan pengusaha dalam perjanjian kerja hanyalah semu belaka.

Sejatinya, buruh bekerja untuk memperoleh penghidupan yang layak demi menyejahterakan keluarganya. Hanya saja, praktik di lapangan dalam bekerja, tujuan buruh untuk mencapai kedua tujuan tersebut masih ada yang mengalami kesukaran. Dalam proses ini sangat diperlukan itikad baik dari pengusaha dalam memberi kerja serta kesadaran pengusaha akan tujuan Hubungan Industrial Indonesia yang sejalan dengan Pasal 27 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar NRI Tahun 1945 yaitu Warga Negara Indonesia berhak untuk memperoleh pekerjaan dan penghidupan yang layak.

Perempuan Buruh

Bukan kali pertama di Indonesia permasalahan perempuan buruh terenggut haknya untuk hamil dan melahirkan secara damai. Angan-angan menimang anak seketika runtuh dengan berbagai kondisi kerja yang dialami sehingga harus mengikhlaskan kehilangan janin dan bayi. Perempuan memang tidak memiliki kedudukan utama sebagai pencari nafkah dalam keluarga, namun ada kondisi-kondisi yang mengharuskan perempuan mengambil peranan untuk bekerja dan memperoleh penghasilan.

Dalam UUK ketentuan perlindungan bagi buruh perempuan yang melahirkan sudah tertera di sana dengan sangat jelas. Perlindungan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 82 ayat (1) UUK yang menyebutkan bahwasanya buruh perempuan memiliki hak istirahat melahirkan selama 3 bulan, kemudian berlanjut pada kewajiban pengusaha untuk mengikutsertakan pekerjanya pada jaminan sosial di mana berkaitan erat dengan cakupan biaya melahirkan. Selain itu berlanjut pada hak si jabang bayi berupa tunjangan anak yang juga menjadi komponen gaji yang berhak didapatkan buruh tersebut.

Kondisi itukah yang melatarbelakangi pengusaha memberikan beban kerja yang semakin berat pada buruh perempuan yang hamil sehingga mengakibatkan kematian janin dan bayi dalam kandungan, demi menghindari tumpukan kewajiban-kewajiban bagi pengusaha yang berdampak pada kondisi keuangan perusahaan? Bukankah Indonesia telah mengatur dengan indahnya dalam hitam di atas putihnya pada Pasal 28A UUD NRI 1945 tentang jaminan hak hidup warga negara?

This article have been published in Opini Rubric of Kedaulatan Rakyat Newspaper, 14 March 2020.

 

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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS CENTER PROVIDE SOCIALIZATION OF COLLECTIVE BRAND REGISTRATION FOR EMPING MELINJO PRODUCTS

(Bantul-Friday 21/05/2017) Intellectual Property Rights Center Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Indonesia (IPR Center FH UII) in collaboration with the Central of Business Services and Intellectual Property Management Department of Industry and Trade DIY held a meeting with the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Group (UMKM) ) Emping Melinjo maker in Kepuh, Wirokerten Kec. Banguntapan, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta at 15.30 WIB – Done. The meeting agenda with the theme of Socialization regarding Collective Mark Registration which was filled by the speaker, Dr. Budi Agus Riswandi SH, M. Hum expert on Intellectual Property Rights Faculty of Law, Islamic University of Indonesia.

As is known, the Kepuh area, Wirokerten is very well known as the Central of craftsmen or Emping Melinjo makers in Bantul Regency. The group of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) that produces emping melinjo was established in 2012, but this business group does not yet have a Collective Mark and the business actors in that group still compete with one another and have their own trademarks. There are even emping mlinjo makers who do not yet have a brand for Emping Mlinjo.

In the socialization, Dr. Budi Agus Riswandi SH M.Hum gave direction and socialization regarding the importance of collective trademark registration for micro, small and medium enterprises (UMKM) the process of collective trademark registration, the objectives and benefits of collective trademark registration. In his presentation, Budi also emphasized that the brand is a tool to differentiate one product from another, as well as a means to avoid unfair business competition.

In addition, the brand can also be used as a tool for promotion and to determine product quality. In other, the briefing regarding collective mark Budi also provides for the possibility of registering other types of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), including registration of industrial designs on product packaging, registration of inventions in the form of processes or methods of making chips using patents and so on.

On that occasion, Ahmadi as the leader of the group of entrepreneurs making emping melinjo asked several questions to the speakers regarding the registration of collective marks and hoped that the registration of collective marks could be implemented immediately in order to protect the collective mark for business actors and increase the selling price of emping melinjo. Because according to his narrative, in running a business, business actors are still competing and product management and testing have not been carried out properly and systematically.

At the moment, collective trademark registration has become a facilitation program from the Regional Government (PEMDA) in Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) through the Department of Industry and Trade (Disperindag) with the technical unit of the Center for Business Services and Intellectual Property Management. This program is expected to protect UMKM products collectively and foster product competitiveness collectively, Budi concluded in his presentation on the socialization of collective trademark registration (Renggi).

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IPR Center FH UII Successfully Registers Geographical Indications Coconut Sugar Kulon Progo

Kotabaru (21/02/2017) The development trade practices at this time has indeed entered the climate of increasingly fierce business competition, this condition creates the hardness of the tangent point competition in business so that it requires producers to always protect their business from unfair trading in practices and fraudulent behavior of other manufacturers. For this reason, one way to obtain protection for the typical product of a region is to register a Geographical Indication (GI) which is submitted to the Director General of Intellectual Property Rights so that it is recorded and given a certificate as proof of its rights.

 

1st ilustration. Geographical Indication Area of Coconut Sugar in Kulonprogo

As a typical product of a region, coconut sugar which consists of ant sugar and palm sugar has a very high selling potential. it is noted that this product has been exported to America, Canada and Europe, so it is fitting for this coconut sugar product made from coconut sap get legal protection. On this basis, MPIG Coconut Sugar Kulon Progo Jogja asked the IPR Center FH UII to accompaniment and assist in the registration process for IG Coconut Sugar in the Kulon Progo area, which is a typical product of the Kulon Progo region with very good quality.

According to the Regent of Kulon Progo, Dr. Hasto Wardoyo, Sp.OG, efforts to register geographical indicators of Kulon Progo coconut sugar are based on the awareness that Kulon Progo Coconut Sugar products have advantages and characteristics compared to other similar sugar products. Furthermore, he also hopes that by registering the geographical indication of Kulon Progo Coconut Sugar, Kulon Progo’s superior products can be legally protected and highly competitive.

On another occasion, the Director of the FH UII HKI Center Budi Agus Riswandi said that the FH UII HKI Center was committed to assisting and accompaniment the community and the government in protecting existing superior products through assistance in the registration of geographical indications. He also stated that the IPR FH UII Center is an institution that is quite experienced in assisting in the registration of geographical indications.

2nd illustration. IG Logo of Coconut Sugar in Kulonprogo

In 2015 Coconut Sugar Kulon Progo has succeeded in obtaining a certificate of protection of geographical indications from the Directorate General of Intelectual Property, Ministry of Law and Human Rights. This is one of the proofs that the IPR Center of the Faculty of Law UII has succeeded in providing assistance in terms of protecting geographical indications. (Dio)