Revitalisasi Sanksi Dalam Hukum Lingkungan Internasional

Dra. Sri Wartini, S.H., M.H., Ph.D.

Universitas Islam Indonesia

Lihat

The activities carried out by every single state in the world have caused serious impact to the environment and threat to human interest. Each state has its own policy to protect its environment and the interest of its citizens. The bad impacts of climate change which contribute to the bad impacts of environment and threat the interest of the whole international society has to be addressed. This article aims to comprehensively analyze the need of sanction revitalization in international Environmental law. The paper argues that there is no case in international environmental law applies international law sanction such as countermeasures, termination of diplomatic relation, economic sanction and use of force based on Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter. This study is a normative juridical research by applying conceptual and statutory approaches.. The result of the research finds that there are no sanctions in the Framework of United Nations are applicable in environmental cases instead of satisfaction, compensation, and restitution. However, the sanction of environmental cases needs to be revitalized . Hence, there are some challenges that have to be addressed related to the mechanism and the political will of the security Council todeveloped and interpret state activities which trigger the climate change as one of the matters which may threat and breach international peace and security.

Keywords: Revitalization, sanction, environmental cases, Security Council.

Abstrak

Kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh setiap negara di dunia telah menimbulkan dampak serius terhadap lingkungan dan mengancam kepentingan manusia. Setiap negara memiliki kebijakannya sendiri untuk melindungi lingkungan dan kepentingan warga negaranyanya. Dampak negatif perubahan iklim yang mengancam lingkungan dan kepentingan seluruh umat manusia di dunia perlu untuk dicarikan jalan keluarnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara komprehensif perlunya revitalisasi sanksi dalam hukum lingkungan internasional. Artikel ini mempertanyakan mengapa tidak ada sanksi dalam kerangka Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa yang diterapkan dalam kasus lingkungan, seperti counter measures, pemutusan hubungan diplomatik, sanksi ekonomi dan penggunaan kekerasan yang diatur dalam BAB VII Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan menerapkan pendekatan perundang undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tidak ada sanksi dalam Kerangka Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa yang diterapkan dalam kasus lingkungan internasional. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya revitalisasi sanksi dalam hukum lingkungan internasional. Ada beberapa tantangan yang dihadapi dalam melakukan revitalisasi sanksi hukum lingkungan berkaitan dengan mekanisme dan kemauan politik dari Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa untuk memperluas makna ancaman dan pelanggaran perdamain dan keamanan internasional termasuk aktivitas yang memicu terjadinya perubahan iklim.

Kata Kunci: Revitalisasi, sanksi, kasus lingkungan, Dewan Keamanan

Daftar Pustaka

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